[- $r = shift -]
First of all assign a value:
[- $a = '(this is the value in $a)' -] 
Now we have some 'Umlaute':
[- $b = "$a äöüäöü???<\&+  " -]
[- $id = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz" ; $text = "This is a text ? \& + - %21" -]
Now lets look what we are getting from this:
[+ $a +] [+ $b +]
What is the EscMode? [+ $escmode +]
Let's set the EscMode to [+ $escmode = 3 +]
What is the EscMode now? [+ $escmode +]
Now a Url: Here it goes
A Tag 2:   a2
A Tag 3:   a3
A Tag 4:   a4
A Tag 5:   a5
A Tag 6:   a6
A Tag 7:   x
A Tag 8:   x
A Tag 9:   x
A Tag 10:  x
A Tag 11:  x
A Tag 12:  x
A Tag 12b: x
A Tag 13:  x
A Tag 14:  x
FRAME:	   
IFRAME: