rfc9868v4.txt   rfc9868.txt 
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11. SAFE UDP Options 11. SAFE UDP Options
SAFE UDP Options can be silently ignored by legacy receivers without SAFE UDP Options can be silently ignored by legacy receivers without
affecting the meaning of the UDP user data. They stand in contrast affecting the meaning of the UDP user data. They stand in contrast
to UNSAFE Options, which modify UDP user data in ways that render it to UNSAFE Options, which modify UDP user data in ways that render it
unusable by legacy receivers (Section 12). The following subsections unusable by legacy receivers (Section 12). The following subsections
describe SAFE Options defined in this document. describe SAFE Options defined in this document.
11.1. End of Options List (EOL) 11.1. End of Options List (EOL)
The End of Options List (EOL, Kind=0) option indicates that there are The End of Options List (EOL, Kind=0) Option indicates that there are
no more options. It is used to indicate the end of the list of no more options. It is used to indicate the end of the list of
options without needing to use NOP Options (see the following options without needing to use NOP Options (see the following
section) as padding to fill all available option space. section) as padding to fill all available option space.
+--------+ +--------+
| Kind=0 | | Kind=0 |
+--------+ +--------+
Figure 7: UDP EOL Option Format Figure 7: UDP EOL Option Format
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options area. In this case, the UDP user data MUST be delivered to options area. In this case, the UDP user data MUST be delivered to
the application layer, unless the socket has been explicitly the application layer, unless the socket has been explicitly
configured to do otherwise, as decided by the upper layer or configured to do otherwise, as decided by the upper layer or
negotiated with the other endpoint. negotiated with the other endpoint.
Requiring the post-option surplus area to be zero prevents side- Requiring the post-option surplus area to be zero prevents side-
channel uses of this area, instead requiring that all use of the channel uses of this area, instead requiring that all use of the
surplus area be UDP Options supported by both endpoints. It is surplus area be UDP Options supported by both endpoints. It is
useful to allow this area to be used for zero padding to increase the useful to allow this area to be used for zero padding to increase the
UDP datagram length without affecting the UDP user data length, e.g., UDP datagram length without affecting the UDP user data length, e.g.,
for UDP DPLPMTUD (Section 4.1 of [RFC9869]). for UDP DPLPMTUD (Section 4.4 of [RFC9869]).
11.2. No Operation (NOP) 11.2. No Operation (NOP)
The No Operation (NOP, Kind=1) option is a one-byte placeholder, The No Operation (NOP, Kind=1) Option is a one-byte placeholder,
intended to be used as padding, e.g., to align multi-byte options intended to be used as padding, e.g., to align multi-byte options
along 16-bit, 32-bit, or 64-bit boundaries. along 16-bit, 32-bit, or 64-bit boundaries.
+--------+ +--------+
| Kind=1 | | Kind=1 |
+--------+ +--------+
Figure 8: UDP NOP Option Format Figure 8: UDP NOP Option Format
>> UDP packets SHOULD NOT use more than seven consecutive NOPs, i.e., >> UDP packets SHOULD NOT use more than seven consecutive NOPs, i.e.,
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