Table B-1 lists all tokens that are key words in the SQL standard and in PostgreSQL 7.1. Background information can be found in Section 1.1.1.
SQL distinguishes between reserved and non-reserved key words. Reserved key words are the only real key words; they are never allowed as identifiers. Non-reserved key words only have a special meaning in particular contexts and can be used as identifiers in other contexts. Most non-reserved key words are actually the names of built-in tables and functions specified by SQL and the concept of non-reserved key words essentially only exists to declare that some predefined meaning is attached to a word in some contexts.
In the PostgreSQL parser life is a bit more complicated. There are several different classes of tokens ranging from those that can never be used as an identifier to those that have absolutely no special status in the parser as compared to an ordinary identifier. (The latter is usually the case for functions specified by SQL.) Most SQL reserved key words are not completely reserved in PostgreSQL, but can be used as column label (as in SELECT 55 AS CHECK, even though CHECK is a reserved key word).
In Table B-1 in the column for PostgreSQL we classify as "non-reserved" those key words that are explicitly known to the parser but are allowed in most or all contexts where an identifier is expected. Labeled "reserved" are those tokens that are only allowed as "AS" column label names (and perhaps in very few other contexts). The token AS is the only exception: it cannot even be used as a column label. As a general rule, if you get spurious parser errors for commands that contain any of the listed key words as an identifier you should try to quote the identifier to see if the problem goes away.
It is important to understand before studying Table B-1 that the fact that a key word is not reserved in PostgreSQL does not mean that the feature related to the word is not implemented. Conversely, the presence of a key word does not indicate the existence of a feature.
Table B-1. SQL Key Words
| Key Word | PostgreSQL | SQL 99 | SQL 92 |
|---|---|---|---|
| ABORT | reserved | ||
| ABS | non-reserved | ||
| ABSOLUTE | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |
| ACCESS | non-reserved | ||
| ACTION | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |
| ADA | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
| ADD | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |
| ADMIN | reserved | ||
| AFTER | non-reserved | reserved | |
| AGGREGATE | non-reserved | reserved | |
| ALIAS | reserved | ||
| ALL | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| ALLOCATE | reserved | reserved | |
| ALTER | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |
| ANALYSE | reserved | ||
| ANALYZE | reserved | ||
| AND | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| ANY | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| ARE | reserved | reserved | |
| ARRAY | reserved | ||
| AS | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| ASC | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| ASENSITIVE | non-reserved | ||
| ASSERTION | reserved | reserved | |
| ASSIGNMENT | non-reserved | ||
| ASYMMETRIC | non-reserved | ||
| AT | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |
| ATOMIC | non-reserved | ||
| AUTHORIZATION | reserved | reserved | |
| AVG | non-reserved | reserved | |
| BACKWARD | non-reserved | ||
| BEFORE | non-reserved | reserved | |
| BEGIN | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |
| BETWEEN | reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
| BINARY | reserved | reserved | |
| BIT | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| BITVAR | non-reserved | ||
| BIT_LENGTH | non-reserved | reserved | |
| BLOB | reserved | ||
| BOOLEAN | reserved | ||
| BOTH | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| BREADTH | reserved | ||
| BY | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |
| C | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
| CACHE | non-reserved | ||
| CALL | reserved | ||
| CALLED | non-reserved | ||
| CARDINALITY | non-reserved | ||
| CASCADE | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |
| CASCADED | reserved | reserved | |
| CASE | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| CAST | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| CATALOG | reserved | reserved | |
| CATALOG_NAME | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
| CHAIN | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
| CHAR | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| CHARACTER | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| CHARACTERISTICS | non-reserved | ||
| CHARACTER_LENGTH | non-reserved | reserved | |
| CHARACTER_SET_CATALOG | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
| CHARACTER_SET_NAME | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
| CHARACTER_SET_SCHEMA | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
| CHAR_LENGTH | non-reserved | reserved | |
| CHECK | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| CHECKED | non-reserved | ||
| CHECKPOINT | non-reserved | ||
| CLASS | reserved | ||
| CLASS_ORIGIN | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
| CLOB | reserved | ||
| CLOSE | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |
| CLUSTER | reserved | ||
| COALESCE | reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
| COBOL | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
| COLLATE | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| COLLATION | reserved | reserved | |
| COLLATION_CATALOG | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
| COLLATION_NAME | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
| COLLATION_SCHEMA | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
| COLUMN | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| COLUMN_NAME | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
| COMMAND_FUNCTION | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
| COMMAND_FUNCTION_CODE | non-reserved | ||
| COMMENT | non-reserved | ||
| COMMIT | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |
| COMMITTED | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |
| COMPLETION | reserved | ||
| CONDITION_NUMBER | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
| CONNECT | reserved | reserved | |
| CONNECTION | reserved | reserved | |
| CONNECTION_NAME | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
| CONSTRAINT | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| CONSTRAINTS | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |
| CONSTRAINT_CATALOG | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
| CONSTRAINT_NAME | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
| CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
| CONSTRUCTOR | reserved | ||
| CONTAINS | non-reserved | ||
| CONTINUE | reserved | reserved | |
| CONVERT | non-reserved | reserved | |
| COPY | reserved | ||
| CORRESPONDING | reserved | reserved | |
| COUNT | non-reserved | reserved | |
| CREATE | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |
| CREATEDB | non-reserved | ||
| CREATEUSER | non-reserved | ||
| CROSS | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| CUBE | reserved | ||
| CURRENT | reserved | reserved | |
| CURRENT_DATE | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| CURRENT_PATH | reserved | ||
| CURRENT_ROLE | reserved | ||
| CURRENT_TIME | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| CURRENT_TIMESTAMP | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| CURRENT_USER | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| CURSOR | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |
| CURSOR_NAME | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
| CYCLE | non-reserved | reserved | |
| DATA | reserved | non-reserved | |
| DATABASE | non-reserved | ||
| DATE | reserved | reserved | |
| DATETIME_INTERVAL_CODE | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
| DATETIME_INTERVAL_PRECISION | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
| DAY | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |
| DEALLOCATE | reserved | reserved | |
| DEC | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| DECIMAL | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| DECLARE | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |
| DEFAULT | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| DEFERRABLE | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| DEFERRED | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |
| DEFINED | non-reserved | ||
| DEFINER | non-reserved | ||
| DELETE | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |
| DELIMITERS | non-reserved | ||
| DEPTH | reserved | ||
| DEREF | reserved | ||
| DESC | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| DESCRIBE | reserved | reserved | |
| DESCRIPTOR | reserved | reserved | |
| DESTROY | reserved | ||
| DESTRUCTOR | reserved | ||
| DETERMINISTIC | reserved | ||
| DIAGNOSTICS | reserved | reserved | |
| DICTIONARY | reserved | ||
| DISCONNECT | reserved | reserved | |
| DISPATCH | non-reserved | ||
| DISTINCT | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| DO | reserved | ||
| DOMAIN | reserved | reserved | |
| DOUBLE | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |
| DROP | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |
| DYNAMIC | reserved | ||
| DYNAMIC_FUNCTION | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
| DYNAMIC_FUNCTION_CODE | non-reserved | ||
| EACH | non-reserved | reserved | |
| ELSE | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| ENCODING | non-reserved | ||
| END | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| END-EXEC | reserved | reserved | |
| EQUALS | reserved | ||
| ESCAPE | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |
| EVERY | reserved | ||
| EXCEPT | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| EXCEPTION | reserved | reserved | |
| EXCLUSIVE | non-reserved | ||
| EXEC | reserved | reserved | |
| EXECUTE | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |
| EXISTING | non-reserved | ||
| EXISTS | reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
| EXPLAIN | reserved | ||
| EXTEND | reserved | ||
| EXTERNAL | reserved | reserved | |
| EXTRACT | reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
| FALSE | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| FETCH | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |
| FINAL | non-reserved | ||
| FIRST | reserved | reserved | |
| FLOAT | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| FOR | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| FORCE | non-reserved | ||
| FOREIGN | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| FORTRAN | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
| FORWARD | non-reserved | ||
| FOUND | reserved | reserved | |
| FREE | reserved | ||
| FROM | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| FULL | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| FUNCTION | non-reserved | reserved | |
| G | non-reserved | ||
| GENERAL | reserved | ||
| GENERATED | non-reserved | ||
| GET | reserved | reserved | |
| GLOBAL | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| GO | reserved | reserved | |
| GOTO | reserved | reserved | |
| GRANT | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |
| GRANTED | non-reserved | ||
| GROUP | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| GROUPING | reserved | ||
| HANDLER | non-reserved | ||
| HAVING | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| HIERARCHY | non-reserved | ||
| HOLD | non-reserved | ||
| HOST | reserved | ||
| HOUR | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |
| IDENTITY | reserved | reserved | |
| IGNORE | reserved | ||
| ILIKE | reserved | ||
| IMMEDIATE | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |
| IMPLEMENTATION | non-reserved | ||
| IN | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| INCREMENT | non-reserved | ||
| INDEX | non-reserved | ||
| INDICATOR | reserved | reserved | |
| INFIX | non-reserved | ||
| INHERITS | non-reserved | ||
| INITIALIZE | reserved | ||
| INITIALLY | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| INNER | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| INOUT | reserved | reserved | |
| INPUT | reserved | reserved | |
| INSENSITIVE | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
| INSERT | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |
| INSTANCE | non-reserved | ||
| INSTANTIABLE | non-reserved | ||
| INSTEAD | non-reserved | ||
| INT | reserved | reserved | |
| INTEGER | reserved | reserved | |
| INTERSECT | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| INTERVAL | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |
| INTO | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| INVOKER | non-reserved | ||
| IS | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| ISNULL | reserved | ||
| ISOLATION | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |
| ITERATE | reserved | ||
| JOIN | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| K | non-reserved | ||
| KEY | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |
| KEY_MEMBER | non-reserved | ||
| KEY_TYPE | non-reserved | ||
| LANCOMPILER | non-reserved | ||
| LANGUAGE | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |
| LARGE | reserved | ||
| LAST | reserved | reserved | |
| LATERAL | reserved | ||
| LEADING | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| LEFT | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| LENGTH | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
| LESS | reserved | ||
| LEVEL | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |
| LIKE | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| LIMIT | reserved | reserved | |
| LISTEN | reserved | ||
| LOAD | reserved | ||
| LOCAL | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| LOCALTIME | reserved | ||
| LOCALTIMESTAMP | reserved | ||
| LOCATION | non-reserved | ||
| LOCATOR | reserved | ||
| LOCK | reserved | ||
| LOWER | non-reserved | reserved | |
| M | non-reserved | ||
| MAP | reserved | ||
| MATCH | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |
| MAX | non-reserved | reserved | |
| MAXVALUE | non-reserved | ||
| MESSAGE_LENGTH | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
| MESSAGE_OCTET_LENGTH | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
| MESSAGE_TEXT | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
| METHOD | non-reserved | ||
| MIN | non-reserved | reserved | |
| MINUTE | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |
| MINVALUE | non-reserved | ||
| MOD | non-reserved | ||
| MODE | non-reserved | ||
| MODIFIES | reserved | ||
| MODIFY | reserved | ||
| MODULE | reserved | reserved | |
| MONTH | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |
| MORE | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
| MOVE | reserved | ||
| MUMPS | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
| NAME | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
| NAMES | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |
| NATIONAL | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |
| NATURAL | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| NCHAR | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| NCLOB | reserved | ||
| NEW | reserved | reserved | |
| NEXT | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |
| NO | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |
| NOCREATEDB | non-reserved | ||
| NOCREATEUSER | non-reserved | ||
| NONE | non-reserved | reserved | |
| NOT | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| NOTHING | non-reserved | ||
| NOTIFY | non-reserved | ||
| NOTNULL | reserved | ||
| NULL | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| NULLABLE | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
| NULLIF | reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
| NUMBER | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
| NUMERIC | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| OBJECT | reserved | ||
| OCTET_LENGTH | non-reserved | reserved | |
| OF | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |
| OFF | reserved | reserved | |
| OFFSET | reserved | ||
| OIDS | non-reserved | ||
| OLD | reserved | reserved | |
| ON | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| ONLY | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| OPEN | reserved | reserved | |
| OPERATION | reserved | ||
| OPERATOR | non-reserved | ||
| OPTION | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |
| OPTIONS | non-reserved | ||
| OR | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| ORDER | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| ORDINALITY | reserved | ||
| OUT | reserved | reserved | |
| OUTER | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| OUTPUT | reserved | reserved | |
| OVERLAPS | reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
| OVERLAY | non-reserved | ||
| OVERRIDING | non-reserved | ||
| OWNER | non-reserved | ||
| PAD | reserved | reserved | |
| PARAMETER | reserved | ||
| PARAMETERS | reserved | ||
| PARAMETER_MODE | non-reserved | ||
| PARAMETER_NAME | non-reserved | ||
| PARAMETER_ORDINAL_POSITION | non-reserved | ||
| PARAMETER_SPECIFIC_CATALOG | non-reserved | ||
| PARAMETER_SPECIFIC_NAME | non-reserved | ||
| PARAMETER_SPECIFIC_SCHEMA | non-reserved | ||
| PARTIAL | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |
| PASCAL | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
| PASSWORD | non-reserved | ||
| PATH | non-reserved | reserved | |
| PENDANT | non-reserved | ||
| PLI | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
| POSITION | reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
| POSTFIX | reserved | ||
| PRECISION | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| PREFIX | reserved | ||
| PREORDER | reserved | ||
| PREPARE | reserved | reserved | |
| PRESERVE | reserved | reserved | |
| PRIMARY | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| PRIOR | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |
| PRIVILEGES | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |
| PROCEDURAL | non-reserved | ||
| PROCEDURE | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |
| PUBLIC | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| READ | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |
| READS | reserved | ||
| REAL | reserved | reserved | |
| RECURSIVE | reserved | ||
| REF | reserved | ||
| REFERENCES | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| REFERENCING | reserved | ||
| REINDEX | non-reserved | ||
| RELATIVE | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |
| RENAME | non-reserved | ||
| REPEATABLE | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
| RESET | reserved | ||
| RESTRICT | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |
| RESULT | reserved | ||
| RETURN | reserved | ||
| RETURNED_LENGTH | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
| RETURNED_OCTET_LENGTH | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
| RETURNED_SQLSTATE | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
| RETURNS | non-reserved | reserved | |
| REVOKE | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |
| RIGHT | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| ROLE | reserved | ||
| ROLLBACK | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |
| ROLLUP | reserved | ||
| ROUTINE | reserved | ||
| ROUTINE_CATALOG | non-reserved | ||
| ROUTINE_NAME | non-reserved | ||
| ROUTINE_SCHEMA | non-reserved | ||
| ROW | non-reserved | reserved | |
| ROWS | reserved | reserved | |
| ROW_COUNT | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
| RULE | non-reserved | ||
| SAVEPOINT | reserved | ||
| SCALE | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
| SCHEMA | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |
| SCHEMA_NAME | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
| SCOPE | reserved | ||
| SCROLL | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |
| SEARCH | reserved | ||
| SECOND | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |
| SECTION | reserved | reserved | |
| SECURITY | non-reserved | ||
| SELECT | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| SELF | non-reserved | ||
| SENSITIVE | non-reserved | ||
| SEQUENCE | non-reserved | reserved | |
| SERIAL | non-reserved | ||
| SERIALIZABLE | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |
| SERVER_NAME | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
| SESSION | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |
| SESSION_USER | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| SET | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |
| SETOF | reserved | ||
| SETS | reserved | ||
| SHARE | non-reserved | ||
| SHOW | reserved | ||
| SIMILAR | non-reserved | ||
| SIMPLE | non-reserved | ||
| SIZE | reserved | reserved | |
| SMALLINT | reserved | reserved | |
| SOME | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| SOURCE | non-reserved | ||
| SPACE | reserved | reserved | |
| SPECIFIC | reserved | ||
| SPECIFICTYPE | reserved | ||
| SPECIFIC_NAME | non-reserved | ||
| SQL | reserved | reserved | |
| SQLCODE | reserved | ||
| SQLERROR | reserved | ||
| SQLEXCEPTION | reserved | ||
| SQLSTATE | reserved | reserved | |
| SQLWARNING | reserved | ||
| START | non-reserved | reserved | |
| STATE | reserved | ||
| STATEMENT | non-reserved | reserved | |
| STATIC | reserved | ||
| STDIN | non-reserved | ||
| STDOUT | non-reserved | ||
| STRUCTURE | reserved | ||
| STYLE | non-reserved | ||
| SUBCLASS_ORIGIN | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
| SUBLIST | non-reserved | ||
| SUBSTRING | reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
| SUM | non-reserved | reserved | |
| SYMMETRIC | non-reserved | ||
| SYSID | non-reserved | ||
| SYSTEM | non-reserved | ||
| SYSTEM_USER | reserved | reserved | |
| TABLE | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| TABLE_NAME | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
| TEMP | non-reserved | ||
| TEMPLATE | non-reserved | ||
| TEMPORARY | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |
| TERMINATE | reserved | ||
| THAN | reserved | ||
| THEN | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| TIME | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |
| TIMESTAMP | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |
| TIMEZONE_HOUR | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |
| TIMEZONE_MINUTE | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |
| TO | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| TOAST | non-reserved | ||
| TRAILING | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| TRANSACTION | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| TRANSACTIONS_COMMITTED | non-reserved | ||
| TRANSACTIONS_ROLLED_BACK | non-reserved | ||
| TRANSACTION_ACTIVE | non-reserved | ||
| TRANSFORM | non-reserved | ||
| TRANSFORMS | non-reserved | ||
| TRANSLATE | non-reserved | reserved | |
| TRANSLATION | reserved | reserved | |
| TREAT | reserved | ||
| TRIGGER | non-reserved | reserved | |
| TRIGGER_CATALOG | non-reserved | ||
| TRIGGER_NAME | non-reserved | ||
| TRIGGER_SCHEMA | non-reserved | ||
| TRIM | reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
| TRUE | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| TRUNCATE | non-reserved | ||
| TRUSTED | non-reserved | ||
| TYPE | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |
| UNCOMMITTED | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
| UNDER | reserved | ||
| UNION | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| UNIQUE | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| UNKNOWN | reserved | reserved | |
| UNLISTEN | non-reserved | ||
| UNNAMED | non-reserved | non-reserved | |
| UNNEST | reserved | ||
| UNTIL | non-reserved | ||
| UPDATE | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |
| UPPER | non-reserved | reserved | |
| USAGE | reserved | reserved | |
| USER | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| USER_DEFINED_TYPE_CATALOG | non-reserved | ||
| USER_DEFINED_TYPE_NAME | non-reserved | ||
| USER_DEFINED_TYPE_SCHEMA | non-reserved | ||
| USING | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| VACUUM | reserved | ||
| VALID | non-reserved | ||
| VALUE | reserved | reserved | |
| VALUES | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |
| VARCHAR | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| VARIABLE | reserved | ||
| VARYING | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |
| VERBOSE | reserved | ||
| VERSION | non-reserved | ||
| VIEW | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |
| WHEN | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| WHENEVER | reserved | reserved | |
| WHERE | reserved | reserved | reserved |
| WITH | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |
| WITHOUT | non-reserved | reserved | |
| WORK | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |
| WRITE | reserved | reserved | |
| YEAR | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |
| ZONE | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |